Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 17 de 17
Filter
1.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 110(8): 974-980, Dec. 2015. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-769834

ABSTRACT

We present a paleoparasitological analysis of the medieval Zeleniy Yar burial ground of the XII-XII centuries AD located in the northern part of Western Siberia. Parasite eggs, identified as eggs of Opisthorchis felineus, were found in the samples from the pelvic area of a one year old infant buried at the site. Presence of these eggs in the soil samples from the infant’s abdomen suggests that he/she was infected with opisthorchiasis and imply consumption of undercooked fish. Ethnographic records collected among the population of the northern part of Western Siberia reveal numerous cases of feeding raw fish to their children. Zeleniy Yar case of opisthorchiasis suggests that this dietary custom has persisted from at least medieval times.


Subject(s)
Animals , History, Medieval , Humans , Infant , Cemeteries/history , Foodborne Diseases/history , Mummies/parasitology , Opisthorchiasis/history , Raw Foods/parasitology , Feeding Behavior , Fishes/parasitology , Food Parasitology/history , Opisthorchis/isolation & purification , Parasite Egg Count/history , Siberia/ethnology , Zygote
2.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology ; : 695-699, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-124051

ABSTRACT

Chronic Opisthorchis viverrini-induced hepatobiliary disease is associated with significant leukocyte infiltration, including activated macrophages; however, the polarization of infiltrating macrophages remains to be fully characterized. In this study, we characterized macrophage polarization and phenotype in chronic O. viverrini-induced hepatobiliary disease in humans and hamsters using gene expression and histochemical analysis. Chronic O. viverrini infection and associated hepatobiliary diseases were associated with iron loaded M2-like macrophages in both humans and hamsters. This study provides suggestive evidence that iron loaded M2-like macrophages promote hepatobiliary disease in chronic O. viverrini infection.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cricetinae , Humans , Gene Expression Profiling , Histocytochemistry , Immunohistochemistry , Iron/metabolism , Liver Cirrhosis/parasitology , Macrophages/immunology , Mesocricetus , Opisthorchiasis/complications , Opisthorchis/isolation & purification
3.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology ; : 703-710, 2013.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-197169

ABSTRACT

To increase public health awareness for prevention of opisthorchiasis caused by eating raw freshwater fish, the distribution and abundance of Opisthorchis viverrini metacercariae (OV MC) was investigated in freshwater fish obtained from 20 provinces in northeastern Thailand between April 2011 and February 2012. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 12,890 fish consisting of 13 species randomly caught from 26 rivers, 10 dams, and 38 ponds/lakes. Fish, were collected in each of the rainy and winter seasons from each province. Fish were identified, counted, weighed, and digested using pepsin-HCl. Samples were examined for OV MC by a sedimentation method, and metacercariae were identified under a stereomicroscope. OV MC were found in 6 species of fish; i.e., Cyclocheilichthys armatus, Puntius orphoides, Hampala dispar, Henicorhynchus siamensis, Osteochilus hasselti, and Puntioplites proctozysron from localities in 13 provinces. Among the sites where OV MC-infected fish were found, 70.0% were dams, 23.7% were ponds/lakes, and 7.7% were rivers. The mean intensity of OV MC ranged from 0.01 to 6.5 cysts per fish (or 1.3-287.5 cysts per kg of fish). A high mean intensity of OV MC per fish (>3 cysts) was found in 5 provinces: Amnat Charoen (6.5 cysts), Nakhon Phanom (4.3), Mukdahan (4.1), Khon Kaen, (3.5) and Si Sa Ket (3.4). In conclusion, OV MC are prevalent in natural cyprinid fish, with the infection rate varying according to fish species and habitats.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cyprinidae/parasitology , Fish Diseases/epidemiology , Metacercariae/isolation & purification , Microscopy , Opisthorchiasis/epidemiology , Opisthorchis/isolation & purification , Parasitology/methods , Prevalence , Thailand
4.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology ; : 173-176, 2012.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-146174

ABSTRACT

Opisthorchis viverrini infection was found to be highly prevalent in 3 riverside villages (Ang Svay Chek A, B, and C) of the Prey Kabas District, Takeo Province. This area is located in the southern part of Cambodia, where the recovery of adult O. viverrini worms was recently reported. From May 2006 until May 2010, fecal examinations were performed on a total of 1,799 villagers using the Kato-Katz thick smear technique. In the 3 villages, the overall positive rate for helminth eggs ranged from 51.7 to 59.0% (av. 57.4%), and the percentage positive for O. viverrini was 46.4-50.6% (47.5%). Other helminths detected included hookworms (13.2%), echinostomes (2.9%), Trichuris trichiura (1.3%), Ascaris lumbricoides (0.6%), and Taenia spp. (0.06%). The prevalence of O. viverrini eggs appeared to reflect a lower infection in younger individuals (20 years). Men (50.4%) revealed a significantly higher (P=0.02) prevalence than women (44.3%). The Ang Svay Chek villages of the Prey Kabas District, Takeo Province, Cambodia have been confirmed to be a highly endemic area for human O. viverrini infection.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Cambodia/epidemiology , Coinfection/epidemiology , Feces/parasitology , Opisthorchiasis/epidemiology , Opisthorchis/isolation & purification , Prevalence , Rural Population
5.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health ; 2005 ; 36 Suppl 4(): 189-91
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-32358

ABSTRACT

Under natural conditions, the emergence of Opisthorchis viverrini cercariae from naturally infected Bithynia (Digoniostoma) siamensis goniomphalos showed diurnal periodicity, peaking between 8:00-10:00 AM. The cercariae did not emerge during darkness, but low-intensity light could induce a release. Cercariae shedded from each field infected B.(D.) s. goniomphalos was recorded daily. The maximum output from one snail was 1,728 cercariae in a day. The total cercarial output from all five infected snails was 56,555 and the maximum of total cercariae shed from one snail was 27,692. The field-infected B. (D.) s. goniomphalos could survive for 70 days after the snails were collected.


Subject(s)
Animals , Circadian Rhythm , Disease Vectors , Ecology , Fasciola hepatica/isolation & purification , Host-Parasite Interactions , Microvilli/ultrastructure , Opisthorchis/isolation & purification , Parasite Egg Count , Snails/parasitology , Survival , Time Factors
6.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health ; 2005 Jul; 36(4): 841-5
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-32508

ABSTRACT

We assessed the frequency and distribution of infection with opportunistic and non-opportunistic intestinal parasites and the liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, in HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative subjects. Age- and sex-matched HIV-seropositive (n = 78) and HIV-seronegative patients (n = 78) from two hospitals in Khon Kaen Province, Thailand, participated in this study from November 1998 to August 2000. These subjects were divided according to the presence of diarrhea and CD4 counts. A single stool sample was obtained and analyzed by using specific techniques. Opisthorchis viverrini, was the most common parasite (19.2%) in each group. The prevalence rates of Cryptosporidium spp (11.5%) and Strongyloides stercoralis (17.9%) in the HIV-seropositive group were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those in the HIV-seronegative group (1.0% for Cryptosporidium spp and 7.7% for S. stercoralis infections). The prevalences of these two parasites were 28% for Cryptosporidium spp and 20% for S. stercoralis in HIV-seropositives with diarrhea and CD4 counts lower than 100 cells/mm3, and were higher compared with patients without diarrhea or with high CD4 counts. These results suggest that infection with these parasites increases during HIV infection. The epidemiological distribution of Cryptosporidium and S. stercoralis may have implications for AIDS-related diseases.


Subject(s)
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/complications , Animals , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Case-Control Studies , Cryptosporidiosis/epidemiology , Cryptosporidium/isolation & purification , Diarrhea/etiology , Fasciola hepatica/isolation & purification , Fascioliasis/epidemiology , Feces/parasitology , HIV Seronegativity , HIV Seropositivity/complications , Humans , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/complications , Opisthorchiasis/epidemiology , Opisthorchis/isolation & purification , Prevalence , Strongyloides stercoralis/isolation & purification , Strongyloidiasis/epidemiology , Thailand/epidemiology
7.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health ; 2005 May; 36(3): 653-7
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-34709

ABSTRACT

A snail survey was performed in six districts around irrigation areas of Lampao Dam, in Kalasin Province. The survey caught a total of 5,479 live snails and classed them into five families, 12 genera and 15 species, of which 7 species are suspected of transmitting human parasitic diseases. The seven species were Pila polita, Pomacea canaliculata, Filopaludina (S.) m. martensi, Bithynia (Digoniostoma) siamensis goniomphalos, Melanoides tuberculata, Radix rubiginosa, and Indoplanorbis exustus. Of these, B. (D.) s. goniomphalos and I. exustus were found to harbor emergent cercariae. Only B. (D.) s. goniomphalos hosted several types of cercariae--Opisthorchis viverrini, unidentified species of intestinal flukes, echinostomes, xyphidio and furcocercous cercariae. Indoplanorbis exustus shed only echinostome cercariae. B. (D.) s. goniomphalos showed a rather high natural infection rate with O. viverrini, 1.3% in Yang Talat district, and 0.61% in Kamalasai district, in Kalasin Province.


Subject(s)
Agriculture , Animals , Disasters , Disease Vectors , Echinostoma/isolation & purification , Environment Design , Fresh Water/parasitology , Host-Parasite Interactions , Humans , Intestines/parasitology , Mollusca/classification , Opisthorchis/isolation & purification , Schistosoma/isolation & purification , Shellfish/classification , Thailand , Trematoda/isolation & purification , Water Movements
8.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health ; 2000 Mar; 31(1): 128-32
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-33030

ABSTRACT

The prevalence of liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, infection in rural and urban communities was studied in Khammouane Province in Lao PDR. The infection was the commonest among the villagers examined, showing the positive rates of 52.9% and 55.0% in two rural communities and 60.7% in an urban community, respectively. The infection rate reached up to 20% or more within 4 years after birth and increased with age to a plateau in the age group over 20 years. The highest prevalence rate was over 80% in the age group of 35-54 years. The age-related patterns of infection in males and females were almost the same, although there were some sex-related differences by village and by age group. Infection with Opisthorchis viverrini appears to be a serious public health problem strongly associated with the frequent eating habit of raw fish in low land Laos.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Feces/parasitology , Female , Humans , Infant , Laos/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Opisthorchiasis/epidemiology , Opisthorchis/isolation & purification , Parasite Egg Count , Prevalence , Rural Health , Sex Distribution , Urban Health
9.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health ; 1999 Jun; 30(2): 371-4
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-31421

ABSTRACT

Potassium permanganate staining method was developed for differentiation Opisthorchis viverrini, Haplorchis taichui and Phaneropsolus bonnei eggs. The surfaces of O. viverrini, H. taichui and P. bonnei eggs stained permanently and temporarily were similar in appearance even the staining procedures were varied both in concentration and time. Determined under light microscope set at 400x, all of these eggs were oval-shaped, operculated at one pole and indistinct small knob at posterior end. O. viverrini eggs showed the distinct musk-melon-like prominent ridges on the surface. Haplorchis taichui eggs had a light striae pattern while P. bonnei eggs had a smooth egg shell. Length of these trematode eggs were significant different (chi2 test, p < 0.05). Mean +/- SD of O. viverrini, H. taichui and P. bonnei eggs were 26.34 +/- 1.65 microm, 29.03 +/- 1.48 microm and 23.00 +/- 1.49 microm, respectively. Regarding of their width, the mean +/- SD of O. viverrini, H. taichui and P. bonnei eggs were 15.54 +/- 0.69 microm. 14.94 +/- 0.91 microm and 12.25 +/- 1.02 microm, respectively. The means of width of O. viverrini and H. taichui eggs were not significantly different (chi2 test, p > 0.05), however, they were significantly different from those of P. bonnei (chi2 test, p < 0.05). Temporary staining using 1% w/v concentration and only 1 minute of time is useful in the mass fecal examination survey for the prevalence and intensity of truly Opisthorchis infection.


Subject(s)
Animals , Coloring Agents , Diagnosis, Differential , Heterophyidae/ultrastructure , Humans , Opisthorchiasis/diagnosis , Opisthorchis/isolation & purification , Ovum/ultrastructure , Potassium Permanganate , Trematoda/ultrastructure
10.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health ; 1998 Jun; 29(2): 246-9
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-31180

ABSTRACT

The study was carried out from September to November 1997 in Phrae Province of northern Thailand. A total of 95 adult patients with Opisthorchis-like ova in their stools were randomly treated with two different manufactured Praziquantels. Group 1, consisting of 49 patients, received a single dose of 40 mg per kg Praziquantel manufactured by the Thai Government Pharmaceutical Organization. Group 2 (46 patients) received Biltricide at the same dosage. Haplorchis taichui, H. yokogawai, Echinostome spp., O. viverrini, Taenia saginata and Enterobius vermicularis were expelled in the stools after treatment. Minute intestinal flukes were detected in 64% of patients. O. viverrini was found in lower proportion of 17%. By formalin-ether concentration examination one stool specimen from each patient, the cure rate in both groups on the 30th day of treatment was 100%. The side effects of the two different Praziquantel treatments were mild with no significant difference. Praziquantel, regardless of its manufacture, proved effective against O. viverrini and other minute intestinal flukes (H. taichui, H. yokogawai and Echinostome spp).


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Animals , Antiplatyhelmintic Agents/pharmacology , Female , Humans , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/drug therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Opisthorchiasis/drug therapy , Opisthorchis/isolation & purification , Praziquantel/pharmacology , Treatment Outcome
11.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health ; 1998 Jun; 29(2): 324-6
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-32643

ABSTRACT

Examination for metacercaria in freshwater fish, the common intermediate hosts of Opisthorchis viverrini was carried out during 1992-1996. The 4-year survey of fish from markets in 14 provinces revealed that metacercariae of O. viverrini were found in fish from Udon Thani, Sa Kaeo and Prachin Buri Provinces; fish from Aranyaprathet district had the highest positive rates (25-28%). Fish from 12 provinces were found to be positive with heterophyid metacercariae, namely: Haplorchis pumilio, H. taichui, H. yokogawai, Stellantchasmus falcatus, Centrocestus formosanus and Haplorchoides cahirinus. It was also observed that the prevalence of O. viverrini metacercaria in fish decreased markedly during the last 10 years.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cyprinidae/parasitology , Fish Diseases/epidemiology , Food Parasitology , Fresh Water , Humans , Opisthorchiasis/epidemiology , Opisthorchis/isolation & purification , Prevalence , Thailand/epidemiology
12.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health ; 1998 Jun; 29(2): 327-32
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-31858

ABSTRACT

Opisthorchiasis is a disease caused by opisthorchis trematode commonly known as liver fluke. In Thailand Opisthorchis viverrini is the only parasite of opisthorchiasis, the first case of opisthorchiasis was reported in 1911 by Leiper from the autopsy of corpse in Chiang Mai. Later on Sadun in 1953, Harinasuta and Vajjarasthira in 1961, and Wykoff in 1965 had demonstrated a complete life cycle of O. viverrini. History of opisthorchiasis control has dated back to 1950 as a small scale helminthiosis control program in some high risk areas. Following a number of studies and trial projects of the Faculty of Tropical Medicine of Mahidol University, the national liver fluke control program has been developed and operated under different National Public Health Development Plans. Presently, the program is being operated in some central provinces, and all northeastern and northern provinces of Thailand. The main strategies for liver fluke control are comprised of 3 interrelated approaches, namely stool examination and treatment of positive cases with praziquantel for eliminating human host reservoir; health education for a promotion of cooked fish consumption for preventing infection; and the improvement of hygienic defecation for transmission interruption. Data obtained from liver fluke control operation in 1996 show the countrywide prevalence of opisthorchiasis at 21.5% with a variation in all age groups. Differences of infection are also found among geographical regions. A large percentage of infection is mild infection. Comparing figures of 1981 and 1991, there is a considerable increase in the central and northern regions, while the northeastern region has significant decrease.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Infection Control/organization & administration , Male , Middle Aged , Opisthorchiasis/epidemiology , Opisthorchis/isolation & purification , Prevalence , Public Health , Thailand/epidemiology
13.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health ; 1993 Dec; 24(4): 697-700
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-36134

ABSTRACT

Cercariae from Bithynia siamensis goniomphalus were studied in an area endemic for opisthorchiasis. Snails emitted different types of cercariae when shedding was induced by illumination. In addition to two lophocercous cercariae, a monostome cercaria (probably Notocotylus sp), two different furcocercariae and a xiphidiocercaria were found. Two similar types of lophocercous cercariae were distinguishable and one could be identified as Opisthorchis viverrini. To date the cercaria of O. viverrini has been regarded as the only lophocercous cercaria in the endemic area of opisthorchiasis. Therefore, differences between these cercariae were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy to enable us to avoid misinterpretations of O. viverrini in Bithynia.


Subject(s)
Animals , Larva/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Opisthorchis/isolation & purification , Snails/parasitology , Trematoda/isolation & purification
14.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health ; 1989 Mar; 20(1): 157-62
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-31133

ABSTRACT

Ultrasonographic examination of the liver and biliary system using a portable ultrasound unit was performed in 1987 in 647 opisthorchiasis patients who had been treated with praziquantel during 1981 to 1986. Treatments was repeated annually in those reinfected. The reinfection rate was 53.9% in the first year and gradually declined. Ultrasonographic findings were normal in 80.6% of subjects. The most common abnormal finding was liver enlargement (14.8%), followed by dilatation of the gallbladder (3.5%), sludge formation (2.1%) and thickening of the wall of the gallbladder (1.0%). Gallstones were found in 7 cases (1.0%). Dilatation of intrahepatic bile ducts was detected in one subject (0.1%). The incidence of gallstones in treated patients was similar to that reported in a large necropsy series of the general population. Prospective studies will be needed to further investigation the association between opisthorchiasis, treatment and gallstone formation.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Animals , Feces/parasitology , Female , Gallbladder/parasitology , Humans , Liver/parasitology , Male , Middle Aged , Opisthorchiasis/drug therapy , Opisthorchis/isolation & purification , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Recurrence , Ultrasonography
16.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health ; 1974 Sep; 5(3): 459
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-31807
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL